The policies of these Greek knights caused great social and economic havoc within the polis, since those individuals who could not pay the tributes requested by the rulers automatically became slaves.Īs a consequence, a set of reforms was carried out that introduced citizen suffrage for the first time. The first time that plutocracy appeared as a term was through the historian and military Xenophon, who used it to describe the political events that Athens was experiencing before the political reforms of Solon.Īt that time the wealthy knights were the main owners of most of the territories and of the slaves, so they controlled the social and economic organization of the polis and kept the lower classes excluded from all political participation, ensuring only the benefit own. The term plutocracy (ploutokratía) comes from the union of two Greek words: it is composed of ploutos, which means “wealth” and kratos, which means "power." For this reason, Rafael Atienza argues that all classes are exclusive, since it implies that kratos or power is characteristic of a specific group of people.Ĭontrary to other systems of government, such as capitalism, democracy or socialism, the plutocracy lacks a political theory to support it, which means that it has no philosophical arguments to support it as a governmental form. In the plutocracy a wealthy minority has power. However, other authors such as Ariño Villaroya defend the possible configuration of a global plutocracy in the coming years, arguing that this social category is constantly growing since the globalization process that began in the eighties. Likewise, some experts consider that the different races have been losing their authorship in modern western societies, since at present they seek to defend democracy over any other form of government. In other words, according to this author, any term that has the suffix - cracia will always be exclusive because it necessarily implies that not everyone can command power can only be given to a particular group of people. However, authors such as Rafael Atienza establish that any term with the Greek suffix - cracia ends up being exclusive, since said suffix refers to a particular form of government or power that marginalizes the rest of the population, such as theocracy, hierocracy - government of the priests - or bureaucracy. Generally, the term plutocracy is used in a pejorative sense, since it is considered that this form of government violates democratic values and the principles of equality, since this oligarchy is based on the exclusion of other social groups that, due to not having money They are not part of the political decisions of the State. The plutocracy is a form of government or oligarchy in which a community is governed by a wealthy minority in other words, it is a state that is controlled by a group of people belonging to the richest stratum of society.
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